A1 Journal article (refereed)
Associations of diet quality and food consumption with serum biomarkers for lipid and amino acid metabolism in Finnish children : the PANIC study (2024)
Laamanen, S. E., Eloranta, A.-M., Haapala, E. A., Sallinen, T., Schwab, U., & Lakka, T. A. (2024). Associations of diet quality and food consumption with serum biomarkers for lipid and amino acid metabolism in Finnish children : the PANIC study. European Journal of Nutrition, 63(2), 623-637. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03293-8
JYU authors or editors
Publication details
All authors or editors: Laamanen, Suvi E.; Eloranta, Aino-Maija; Haapala, Eero A.; Sallinen, Taisa; Schwab, Ursula; Lakka, Timo A.
Journal or series: European Journal of Nutrition
ISSN: 1436-6207
eISSN: 1436-6215
Publication year: 2024
Publication date: 21/12/2023
Volume: 63
Issue number: 2
Pages range: 623-637
Publisher: Springer
Publication country: Germany
Publication language: English
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03293-8
Publication open access: Openly available
Publication channel open access: Partially open access channel
Publication is parallel published (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/92676
Abstract
To investigate the associations of overall diet quality and dietary factors with serum biomarkers for lipid and amino acid metabolism in a general population of children.
Methods
We studied 194 girls and 209 boys aged 6–8 years participating in the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study. Food consumption was assessed by 4-day food records and diet quality was quantified by the Finnish Children Healthy Eating Index (FCHEI). Fasting serum fatty acids, amino acids, apolipoproteins, as well as lipoprotein particle sizes were analyzed with high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Data were analyzed using linear regression adjusted for age, sex, and body fat percentage.
Results
FCHEI was directly associated with the ratio of polyunsaturated (PUFA) to saturated fatty acids (SFA) (PUFA/SFA), the ratio of PUFA to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (PUFA/MUFA), the ratio of PUFA to total fatty acids (FA) (PUFA%), the ratio of omega-3-fatty acids to total FA (omega-3 FA%), and inversely associated with the ratio of MUFA to total FA (MUFA%), alanine, glycine, histidine and very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) particle size. Consumption of vegetable oils and vegetable-oil-based margarine (≥ 60% fat) was directly associated with PUFA/SFA, PUFA/MUFA, PUFA%, the ratio of omega-6 FA to total FA (omega-6 FA%), and inversely associated with SFA, MUFA, SFA to total FA (SFA%), MUFA%, alanine and VLDL particle size. Consumption of high-fiber grain products directly associated with PUFA/SFA, PUFA/MUFA, omega-3 FA%, omega-6 FA%, PUFA% and inversely associated with SFA and SFA%. Fish consumption directly related to omega-3 FA and omega-3 FA%. Consumption of sugary products was directly associated with histidine and VLDL particle size. Vegetable, fruit, and berry consumption had direct associations with VLDL particle size and the ratio of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A1. Consumption of low fat (< 1%) milk was directly associated with phenylalanine. A higher consumption of high-fat (≥ 1%) milk was associated with lower serum MUFA/SFA and higher SFA%. Sausage consumption was directly related to SFA% and histidine. Red meat consumption was inversely associated with glycine.
Conclusions
Better diet quality, higher in intake of dietary sources of unsaturated fat and fiber, and lower in sugary product intake were associated with more favorable levels of serum biomarkers for lipid and amino acid metabolism independent of adiposity.
Keywords: diets; fatty acids; fats; amino acids; proteins; apolipoproteins; lipoproteins; children (age groups); dietetics; health effects; metabolism
Free keywords: diet; fatty acids; amino acids; apolipoproteins; lipoprotein particle size; children
Contributing organizations
Ministry reporting: Yes
VIRTA submission year: 2023
JUFO rating: 2