A1 Journal article (refereed)
Implementation and engagement of the SMART Work & Life sitting reduction intervention : an exploratory analysis on intervention effectiveness (2023)
Edwardson, C. L., Abell, L., Clarke-Cornwell, A., Dunstan, D. W., Gray, L. J., Healy, G. N., Hadjiconstantinou, M., Wilson, P., Maylor, B., Munir, F., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2023). Implementation and engagement of the SMART Work & Life sitting reduction intervention : an exploratory analysis on intervention effectiveness. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 20, Article 148. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01548-5
JYU authors or editors
Publication details
All authors or editors: Edwardson, Charlotte L.; Abell, Lucy; Clarke-Cornwell, Alex; Dunstan, David W.; Gray, Laura J.; Healy, Genevieve N.; Hadjiconstantinou, Michelle; Wilson, Panna; Maylor, Benjamin; Munir, Fehmidah; et al.
Journal or series: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
eISSN: 1479-5868
Publication year: 2023
Publication date: 19/12/2023
Volume: 20
Article number: 148
Publisher: Biomed Central
Publication country: United Kingdom
Publication language: English
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01548-5
Publication open access: Openly available
Publication channel open access: Open Access channel
Publication is parallel published (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/92701
Publication is parallel published: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10729557/
Abstract
To enhance the impact of interventions, it is important to understand how intervention engagement relates to study outcomes. We report on the level of implementation and engagement with the SMART Work & Life (SWAL) programme (delivered with (SWAL plus desk) and without a height-adjustable desk (SWAL)) and explore the effects of different levels of this on change in daily sitting time in comparison to the control group.
Methods
The extent of intervention delivery by workplace champions and the extent of engagement by champions and participants (staff) with each intervention activity was assessed by training attendance logs, workplace champion withdrawal dates, intervention activities logs and questionnaires. These data were used to assess whether a cluster met defined criteria for low, medium, or high implementation and engagement or none of these. Mixed effects linear regression analyses tested whether change in sitting time varied by: (i) the number of intervention activities implemented and engaged with, and (ii) the percentage of implementation and engagement with all intervention strategies.
Results
Workplace champions were recruited for all clusters, with 51/52 (98%) attending training. Overall, 12/27 (44.4%) SWAL and 9/25 (36.0%) SWAL plus desk clusters implemented all main intervention strategies. Across remaining clusters, the level of intervention implementation varied. Those in the SWAL (n = 8 (29.6%) clusters, 80 (32.1%) participants) and SWAL plus desk (n = 5 (20.0%) clusters, 41 (17.1%) participants) intervention groups who implemented and engaged with the most intervention strategies and had the highest percentage of cluster implementation and engagement with all intervention strategies sat for 30.9 (95% CI -53.9 to -7.9, p = 0.01) and 75.6 (95% CI -103.6 to -47.7, p < 0.001) fewer minutes/day respectively compared to the control group at 12 month follow up. These differences were larger than the complete case analysis. The differences in sitting time observed for the medium and low levels were similar to the complete case analysis.
Conclusions
Most intervention strategies were delivered to some extent across the clusters although there was large variation. Superior effects for sitting reduction were seen for those intervention groups who implemented and engaged with the most intervention components and had the highest level of cluster implementation and engagement.
Keywords: intervention; sitting; employees; working environment; physical activity; committing oneself
Free keywords: engagement; fidelity; sitting; intervention; workplace
Contributing organizations
Ministry reporting: Yes
VIRTA submission year: 2023
JUFO rating: 3
