A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Top-down effects of a lytic bacteriophage and protozoa on bacteria in aqueous and biofilm phases (2014)

Zhang, J., Örmälä, A.-M., Mappes, J., & Laakso, J. (2014). Top-down effects of a lytic bacteriophage and protozoa on bacteria in aqueous and biofilm phases. Ecology and Evolution, 4(23), 4444-4453. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1302

JYU-tekijät tai -toimittajat

Julkaisun tiedot

Julkaisun kaikki tekijät tai toimittajat: Zhang, Ji; Örmälä, Anni-Maria; Mappes, Johanna; Laakso, Jouni

Lehti tai sarja: Ecology and Evolution

ISSN: 2045-7758

eISSN: 2045-7758

Julkaisuvuosi: 2014

Volyymi: 4

Lehden numero: 23

Artikkelin sivunumerot: 4444–4453

Kustantaja: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Julkaisumaa: Britannia

Julkaisun kieli: englanti

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1302

Linkki tutkimusaineistoon: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.mr0n8

Julkaisun avoin saatavuus: Avoimesti saatavilla

Julkaisukanavan avoin saatavuus: Kokonaan avoin julkaisukanava

Julkaisu on rinnakkaistallennettu (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/47974

Tiivistelmä

Lytic bacteriophages and protozoan predators are the major causes of bacterial mortality in natural microbial communities, which also makes them potential candidates for biological control of bacterial pathogens. However, little is known about the relative impact of bacteriophages and protozoa on the dynamics of bacterial biomass in aqueous and biofilm phases. Here, we studied the temporal and spatial dynamics of bacterial biomass in a microcosm experiment where opportunistic pathogenic bacteria Serratia marcescens was exposed to particle‐feeding ciliates, surface‐feeding amoebas, and lytic bacteriophages for 8 weeks, ca. 1300 generations. We found that ciliates were the most efficient enemy type in reducing bacterial biomass in the open water, but least efficient in reducing the biofilm biomass. Biofilm was rather resistant against bacterivores, but amoebae had a significant long‐term negative effect on bacterial biomass both in the open‐water phase and biofilm. Bacteriophages had only a minor long‐term effect on bacterial biomass in open‐water and biofilm phases. However, separate short‐term experiments with the ancestral bacteriophages and bacteria revealed that bacteriophages crash the bacterial biomass dramatically in the open‐water phase within the first 24 h. Thereafter, the bacteria evolve phage‐resistance that largely prevents top‐down effects. The combination of all three enemy types was most effective in reducing biofilm biomass, whereas in the open‐water phase the ciliates dominated the trophic effects. Our results highlight the importance of enemy feeding mode on determining the spatial distribution and abundance of bacterial biomass. Moreover, the enemy type can be crucially important predictor of whether the rapid defense evolution can significantly affect top‐down regulation of bacteria.

Vapaat asiasanat: Tetrahymena thermophila; Acanthamoeba castellanii; Aquatic bacteria; Defense evolution; Lytic bacteriophage; Microcosm; Semad11; Serratia marcescens db11; Top-down regulation

Liittyvät organisaatiot

OKM-raportointi: Kyllä

Raportointivuosi: 2014

JUFO-taso: 1