A1 Journal article (refereed)
Plasma diagnostic tools for ECR ion sources : What can we learn from these experiments for the next generation sources (2019)

Tarvainen, O., Kalvas, T., Koivisto, H., Kronholm, R., Marttinen, M., Sakildien, M., Toivanen, V., Izotov, I., Skalyga, V., & Angot, J. (2019). Plasma diagnostic tools for ECR ion sources : What can we learn from these experiments for the next generation sources. Review of Scientific Instruments, 90(11), Article 113321. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127050

JYU authors or editors

Publication details

All authors or editors: Tarvainen, O.; Kalvas, T.; Koivisto, H.; Kronholm, R.; Marttinen, M.; Sakildien, M.; Toivanen, V.; Izotov, I.; Skalyga, V.; Angot, J.

Journal or series: Review of Scientific Instruments

ISSN: 0034-6748

eISSN: 1089-7623

Publication year: 2019

Volume: 90

Issue number: 11

Article number: 113321

Publisher: American Institute of Physics

Publication country: United States

Publication language: English

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127050

Publication open access: Not open

Publication channel open access: 

Publication is parallel published (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/66726

Abstract

The order-of-magnitude performance leaps of ECR ion sources over the past decades result from improvements to the magnetic plasma confinement, increases in the microwave heating frequency, and techniques to stabilize the plasma at high densities. Parallel to the technical development of the ion sources themselves, significant effort has been directed into the development of their plasma diagnostic tools. We review the recent results of Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS) plasma diagnostics highlighting a number of selected examples of plasma density, electron energy distribution, and ion confinement time measurements, obtained mostly with the second-generation sources operating at frequencies from 10 to 18 GHz. The development of minimum-B ECR ion sources based on the superposition of solenoid and sextupole fields has long relied on semiempirical scaling laws for the strength of the magnetic field with increasing plasma heating frequency. This approach is becoming increasingly difficult with the looming limits of superconducting technologies being able to satisfy the magnetic field requirements at frequencies approaching 60 GHz. Thus, we discuss alternative ECRIS concepts and proposed modifications to existing sources that are supported by the current understanding derived from the plasma diagnostics experiments.

Keywords: plasma physics; particle accelerators; cyclotrons

Free keywords: plasma confinement; plasma heating; ion sources; plasma diagnostics; bremsstrahlung; plasma properties and parameters; magnetic fields; optical emission spectroscopy

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Ministry reporting: Yes

VIRTA submission year: 2019

JUFO rating: 1