A1 Journal article (refereed)
Occurrence of antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs in source-separated urine, groundwater, surface water and wastewater in the peri-urban area of Chunga in Lusaka, Zambia (2020)


Ngumba, E., Gachanja, A., Nyirenda, J., Maldonado, J., & Tuhkanen, T. (2020). Occurrence of antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs in source-separated urine, groundwater, surface water and wastewater in the peri-urban area of Chunga in Lusaka, Zambia. Water SA, 46(2), Article 278-284. https://doi.org/10.17159/wsa/2020.v46.i2.8243


JYU authors or editors


Publication details

All authors or editorsNgumba, Elijah; Gachanja, Anthony; Nyirenda, James; Maldonado, Johanna; Tuhkanen, Tuula

Journal or seriesWater SA

ISSN0378-4738

eISSN1816-7950

Publication year2020

Volume46

Issue number2

Article number278-284

PublisherWater Research Commission

Publication countrySouth Africa

Publication languageEnglish

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.17159/wsa/2020.v46.i2.8243

Publication open accessOpenly available

Publication channel open accessOpen Access channel

Publication is parallel published (JYX)https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/69258


Abstract

Recently, there has been an increased interest in bridging the knowledge gap in the occurrence and fate of
pharmaceuticals in African urban water cycles. In this study, the occurrence of 7 antibiotics and 3 antiretrovirals
in source-separated urine, groundwater, wastewater and surface water of the peri-urban area of Chunga
in Lusaka, Zambia, was studied. In groundwater, the pharmaceuticals were only sporadically present with
4 antibiotics and 1 antiretroviral detected. The concentration of the antibiotics ranged from below limit of
quantification (


Keywordssewagesurface watergroundwaterwater pollutionmedicinal substancesantibioticsantibiotic resistanceconcentration (chemical properties)wastewater load

Free keywordsantibiotics; antiretrovirals; wastewater; source-separated urine; groundwater


Contributing organizations


Ministry reportingYes

Reporting Year2020

JUFO rating1


Last updated on 2024-26-03 at 09:18