A1 Journal article (refereed)
Occurrence of antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs in source-separated urine, groundwater, surface water and wastewater in the peri-urban area of Chunga in Lusaka, Zambia (2020)
Ngumba, E., Gachanja, A., Nyirenda, J., Maldonado, J., & Tuhkanen, T. (2020). Occurrence of antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs in source-separated urine, groundwater, surface water and wastewater in the peri-urban area of Chunga in Lusaka, Zambia. Water SA, 46(2), Article 278-284. https://doi.org/10.17159/wsa/2020.v46.i2.8243
JYU authors or editors
Publication details
All authors or editors: Ngumba, Elijah; Gachanja, Anthony; Nyirenda, James; Maldonado, Johanna; Tuhkanen, Tuula
Journal or series: Water SA
ISSN: 0378-4738
eISSN: 1816-7950
Publication year: 2020
Volume: 46
Issue number: 2
Article number: 278-284
Publisher: Water Research Commission
Publication country: South Africa
Publication language: English
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17159/wsa/2020.v46.i2.8243
Publication open access: Openly available
Publication channel open access: Open Access channel
Publication is parallel published (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/69258
Abstract
pharmaceuticals in African urban water cycles. In this study, the occurrence of 7 antibiotics and 3 antiretrovirals
in source-separated urine, groundwater, wastewater and surface water of the peri-urban area of Chunga
in Lusaka, Zambia, was studied. In groundwater, the pharmaceuticals were only sporadically present with
4 antibiotics and 1 antiretroviral detected. The concentration of the antibiotics ranged from below limit of
quantification (
Keywords: sewage; surface water; groundwater; water pollution; medicinal substances; antibiotics; antibiotic resistance; concentration (chemical properties); wastewater load
Free keywords: antibiotics; antiretrovirals; wastewater; source-separated urine; groundwater
Contributing organizations
Ministry reporting: Yes
Reporting Year: 2020
JUFO rating: 1
