A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Multitasking in Driving as Optimal Adaptation Under Uncertainty (2021)


Jokinen, J. P.P., Kujala, T., & Oulasvirta, A. (2021). Multitasking in Driving as Optimal Adaptation Under Uncertainty. Human Factors, 63(8), 1324-1341. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720820927687


JYU-tekijät tai -toimittajat


Julkaisun tiedot

Julkaisun kaikki tekijät tai toimittajat: Jokinen, Jussi P. P.; Kujala, Tuomo; Oulasvirta, Antti

Lehti tai sarja: Human Factors

ISSN: 0018-7208

eISSN: 1547-8181

Julkaisuvuosi: 2021

Volyymi: 63

Lehden numero: 8

Artikkelin sivunumerot: 1324-1341

Kustantaja: SAGE Publications

Julkaisumaa: Yhdysvallat (USA)

Julkaisun kieli: englanti

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720820927687

Julkaisun avoin saatavuus: Avoimesti saatavilla

Julkaisukanavan avoin saatavuus: Osittain avoin julkaisukanava

Julkaisu on rinnakkaistallennettu (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/71313


Tiivistelmä

Objective. The objective was to better understand how people adapt multitasking behavior when circumstances in driving change and how safe versus unsafe behaviors emerge.
Background. Multitasking strategies in driving adapt to changes in the task environment, but the cognitive mechanisms of this adaptation are not well known. Missing is a unifying account to explain the joint contribution of task constraints, goals, cognitive capabilities, and beliefs about the driving environment.
Method. We model the driver’s decision to deploy visual attention as a stochastic sequential decision-making problem and propose hierarchical reinforcement learning as a computationally tractable solution to it. The supervisory level deploys attention based on per-task value estimates, which incorporate beliefs about risk. Model simulations are compared against human data collected in a driving simulator.
Results. Human data show adaptation to the attentional demands of ongoing tasks, as measured in lane deviation and in-car gaze deployment. The predictions of our model fit the human data on these metrics.
Conclusion. Multitasking strategies can be understood as optimal adaptation under uncertainty, wherein the driver adapts to cognitive constraints and the task environment’s uncertainties, aiming to maximize the expected long-term utility. Safe and unsafe behaviors emerge as the driver has to arbitrate between conflicting goals and manage uncertainty about them.
Application. Simulations can inform studies of conditions that are likely to give rise to unsafe driving behavior.


YSO-asiasanat: kuljettajat; havainnot; visuaalinen ympäristö; kognitiiviset prosessit; liikennekäyttäytyminen; ajotapa

Vapaat asiasanat: huomiokyky


Liittyvät organisaatiot


OKM-raportointi: Kyllä

Raportointivuosi: 2021

JUFO-taso: 2


Viimeisin päivitys 2024-03-04 klo 21:05