A1 Journal article (refereed)
From Norway Spruce Bark to Carbon Foams : Characterization, and Applications (2020)
Varila, T., Brännström, H., Kilpeläinen, P., Hellström, J., Romar, H., Nurmi, J., & Lassi, U. (2020). From Norway Spruce Bark to Carbon Foams : Characterization, and Applications. BioResources, 15(2), 3651-3666. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.2.3651-3666
JYU authors or editors
Publication details
All authors or editors: Varila, Toni; Brännström, Hanna; Kilpeläinen, Petri; Hellström, Jarkko; Romar, Henrik; Nurmi, Juha; Lassi, Ulla
Journal or series: BioResources
eISSN: 1930-2126
Publication year: 2020
Volume: 15
Issue number: 2
Pages range: 3651-3666
Publisher: Dept. of Wood and Paper Science, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University
Publication country: United States
Publication language: English
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.2.3651-3666
Publication open access: Openly available
Publication channel open access: Open Access channel
Publication is parallel published (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/71397
Abstract
Fresh bark from spruce Picea abies was milled and extracted with hot water. The extracts were purified in a number of steps in order to get tannin-extracts pure enough to prepare tannin-based carbon foams. The chemical composition of the extracts were analyzed. The foams were maturated and thermally treated to obtain desired properties, such as specific surface area, porosity, and compressive strength. It was possible to produce carbon foams even if they contained carbohydrate impurities. Differences in the properties of the carbon foams such as compressive strength, specific surface areas, and pore size distributions might be related to the compositions of the extracts. The foams were finally activated chemically and physically and were tested in adsorption of methylene blue. Results from the adsorption tests showed that adsorption was highly related to the total pore volume and the amount of mesopores created inside the foam structure during the thermal treatment.
Keywords: biomass (industry); bark; Norway spruce; extraction (chemistry); tannins; foams; biomaterials; porosity; adsorption
Free keywords: bark; biomass; carbon foams; extractives; spruce; tannins
Contributing organizations
Related projects
- Green Bioraff Solutions GBS
- Asplund, Tina
- European Commission
Ministry reporting: Yes
Reporting Year: 2020
JUFO rating: 1