A1 Journal article (refereed)
Xylo-Oligosaccharides in Prevention of Hepatic Steatosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation : Associating Taxonomic and Metabolomic Patterns in Fecal Microbiomes with Biclustering (2021)

Hintikka, J., Lensu, S., Mäkinen, E., Karvinen, S., Honkanen, M., Lindén, J., Garrels, T., Pekkala, S., & Lahti, L. (2021). Xylo-Oligosaccharides in Prevention of Hepatic Steatosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation : Associating Taxonomic and Metabolomic Patterns in Fecal Microbiomes with Biclustering. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), Article 4049. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084049

JYU authors or editors

Publication details

All authors or editors: Hintikka, Jukka; Lensu, Sanna; Mäkinen, Elina; Karvinen, Sira; Honkanen, Marjaana; Lindén, Jere; Garrels, Tim; Pekkala, Satu; Lahti, Leo

Journal or series: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

ISSN: 1661-7827

eISSN: 1660-4601

Publication year: 2021

Publication date: 12/04/2021

Volume: 18

Issue number: 8

Article number: 4049

Publisher: MDPI AG

Publication country: Switzerland

Publication language: English

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084049

Publication open access: Openly available

Publication channel open access: Open Access channel

Publication is parallel published (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/75085

Web address of parallel published publication (pre-print): https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202103.0001/v1

Abstract

We have shown that prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) increased beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and prevented high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, but the mechanisms associated with these effects are not clear. We studied whether XOS affects adipose tissue inflammation and insulin signaling, and whether the GM and fecal metabolome explain associated patterns. XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD) or low (LFD) fat diet for 12 weeks in male Wistar rats (n = 10/group). Previously analyzed GM and fecal metabolites were biclustered to reduce data dimensionality and identify interpretable groups of co-occurring genera and metabolites. Based on our findings, biclustering provides a useful algorithmic method for capturing such joint signatures. On the HFD, XOS-supplemented rats showed lower number of adipose tissue crown-like structures, increased phosphorylation of AKT in liver and adipose tissue as well as lower expression of hepatic miRNAs. XOS-supplemented rats had more fecal glycine and less hypoxanthine, isovalerate, branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids. Several bacterial genera were associated with the metabolic signatures. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of XOS on hepatic steatosis involved decreased adipose tissue inflammation and likely improved insulin signaling, which were further associated with fecal metabolites and GM.

Keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; prebiotics; xylooligosaccharides; metabolism; metabolic products; gastrointestinal microbiota; microRNA; animal disease models; Rattus norvegicus

Free keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; xylo-oligosaccharides; metabolites; gut microbiota; biclustering; high fat diet; microRNA; rats

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Ministry reporting: Yes

Reporting Year: 2021

JUFO rating: 1