A1 Journal article (refereed)
Construct validity and reliability of the physical activity parenting questionnaire for children (PAP-C) (2021)
Laukkanen, A., Aunola, K., Korhonen, E., Barnett, L. M., & Sääkslahti, A. (2021). Construct validity and reliability of the physical activity parenting questionnaire for children (PAP-C). International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 18, Article 61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01128-5
JYU authors or editors
Publication details
All authors or editors: Laukkanen, Arto; Aunola, Kaisa; Korhonen, Elisa; Barnett, Lisa M.; Sääkslahti, Arja
Journal or series: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
eISSN: 1479-5868
Publication year: 2021
Publication date: 05/05/2021
Volume: 18
Article number: 61
Publisher: Biomed Central
Publication country: United Kingdom
Publication language: English
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01128-5
Publication open access: Openly available
Publication channel open access: Open Access channel
Publication is parallel published (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/75706
Abstract
Children’s perception of parenting is hypothesised to significantly affect their physical activity (PA). This study aimed to examine construct validity, factorial invariance and reliability of a new tool: Physical Activity Parenting questionnaire for Children (PAP-C).
Methods
PAP-C comprised 22 items hypothesised to cover 3 theory-guided factors of physical activity parenting (PAP)—namely, structure for activity, autonomy support and involvement. Construct validity and internal consistency of PAP-C were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and composite reliability in a sample of Finnish first, second- and third graders (n = 456; mean age 8.77 ± 0.84 years, girls 51.1%). Factorial invariance of PAP-C across grade levels was investigated using sequential multigroup CFA. Intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficients of the sum factors were calculated in a sample of children who completed a 4-week PAP-C retest (n = 450; mean age 8.83 ± 0.87 years, girls 48.0%).
Results
A first-order 3-factor model of the structure for activity, autonomy support and involvement, with 20 items (two items removed), showed an acceptable fit. The model demonstrated configural, metric, and scalar invariance across grade levels. Composite reliabilities indicated moderate-to-good internal consistency (from .74 to .87) for the factors. ICCs (from .494 to .750, p < .001) showed moderate to excellent test–retest stability for all grade levels.
Conclusions
PAP-C can be considered to be a promising tool for investigating 7–10-year-old children’s perceptions of PAP.
Keywords: children (age groups); physical activity; motivation (activity); parents; parenthood; evaluation; psychometrics; questionnaire survey; validity; reliability (science)
Free keywords: Physical activity; Parental control; Self-determination theory; Assessment
Contributing organizations
Related projects
- The Active Family
- Sääkslahti, Arja
- Ministry of Education and Culture
Related research datasets
Ministry reporting: Yes
Reporting Year: 2021
JUFO rating: 2
