A1 Journal article (refereed)
Genetic and Environmental Effects on the Individual Variation and Continuity of Participation in Diverse Physical Activities (2021)
Kaartinen, S., Silventoinen, K., Korhonen, T., Kujala, U. M., Kaprio, J., & Aaltonen, S. (2021). Genetic and Environmental Effects on the Individual Variation and Continuity of Participation in Diverse Physical Activities. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 53(12), 2495-2502. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000002744
JYU authors or editors
Publication details
All authors or editors: Kaartinen, Sara; Silventoinen, Karri; Korhonen, Tellervo; Kujala, Urho M.; Kaprio, Jaakko; Aaltonen, Sari
Journal or series: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
ISSN: 0195-9131
eISSN: 1530-0315
Publication year: 2021
Publication date: 07/07/2021
Volume: 53
Issue number: 12
Pages range: 2495-2502
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publication country: United States
Publication language: English
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000002744
Publication open access: Not open
Publication channel open access:
Publication is parallel published (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/77202
Abstract
Participation in diverse physical activities has beneficial health effects. However, little is known on how genetic and environmental factors affect this trait. Thus, we examined to what extent these factors explain participation in diverse leisure-time physical activities from late adolescence to adulthood using a twin study design.
Methods
The participants were Finnish twins who reported their participation in diverse leisure-time physical activities at ages 17 (N = 5429) and 34 years (N = 4246). The number of physical activities engaged in were analyzed using applications of structural linear modeling for twin data.
Results
On average, the total number of physical activities engaged in during leisure time was slightly over three at both ages and in both sexes, with moderate heritability estimates (40–58%) from adolescence to adulthood. Environmental factors shared by co-twins (e.g., childhood family environment) influenced only in adolescence, being higher for women. Environmental influences unique to each co-twin explained the remaining variances (34–57%), being higher at age 34. Participation in diverse leisure-time physical activities correlated moderately between ages 17 and 34 (rTRAIT = 0.30 95% CI 0.25–0.35 in men and 0.26 95% CI 0.22–0.31 in women). Additionally, genetic influences on participation in physical activities correlated moderately between adolescence and adulthood (rA = 0.51 95% CI 0.39–0.64 and 0.44 95% CI 0.34–0.55, respectively). These common genetic influences explained 93% of the trait correlations found in men and 85% in women.
Conclusions
Genetic and unique environmental influences explain a large proportion of variation in the number of leisure-time physical activities. However, the estimates vary by age and sex. Common genetic background mainly explains the continuity of the participation in diverse leisure-time physical activities between adolescence and adulthood.
Keywords: physical training; physical activity; young people; heredity; genetic factors; environmental factors; gender; gender differences; leisure; twins; twin research
Free keywords: behavior genetics; exercise; heritability; longitudinal; physical activity; twins; sex differences
Contributing organizations
Ministry reporting: Yes
VIRTA submission year: 2021
JUFO rating: 3
