A1 Journal article (refereed)
Effects of Long-Term Physical Activity and BCAA Availability on the Subcellular Associations between Intramyocellular Lipids, Perilipins and PGC-1α (2023)

Fachada, V., Silvennoinen, M., Sahinaho, U.-M., Rahkila, P., Kivelä, R., Hulmi, J. J., Kujala, U., & Kainulainen, H. (2023). Effects of Long-Term Physical Activity and BCAA Availability on the Subcellular Associations between Intramyocellular Lipids, Perilipins and PGC-1α. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(5), Article 4282. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054282

JYU authors or editors

Publication details

All authors or editors: Fachada, Vasco; Silvennoinen, Mika; Sahinaho, Ulla-Maria; Rahkila, Paavo; Kivelä, Riikka; Hulmi, Juha J.; Kujala, Urho; Kainulainen, Heikki

Journal or series: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

ISSN: 1661-6596

eISSN: 1422-0067

Publication year: 2023

Publication date: 21/02/2023

Volume: 24

Issue number: 5

Article number: 4282

Publisher: MDPI AG

Publication country: Switzerland

Publication language: English

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054282

Publication open access: Openly available

Publication channel open access: Open Access channel

Publication is parallel published (JYX): https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/85621

Abstract

Cellular skeletal muscle lipid metabolism is of paramount importance for metabolic health, specifically through its connection to branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) metabolism and through its modulation by exercise. In this study, we aimed at better understanding intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) and their related key proteins in response to physical activity and BCAA deprivation. By means of confocal microscopy, we examined IMCL and the lipid droplet coating proteins PLIN2 and PLIN5 in human twin pairs discordant for physical activity. Additionally, in order to study IMCLs, PLINs and their association to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α�) in cytosolic and nuclear pools, we mimicked exercise-induced contractions in C2C12 myotubes by electrical pulse stimulation (EPS), with or without BCAA deprivation. The life-long physically active twins displayed an increased IMCL signal in type I fibers when compared to their inactive twin pair. Moreover, the inactive twins showed a decreased association between PLIN2 and IMCL. Similarly, in the C2C12 cell line, PLIN2 dissociated from IMCL when myotubes were deprived of BCAA, especially when contracting. In addition, in myotubes, EPS led to an increase in nuclear PLIN5 signal and its associations with IMCL and PGC-1α�. This study demonstrates how physical activity and BCAA availability affects IMCL and their associated proteins, providing further and novel evidence for the link between the BCAA, energy and lipid metabolisms.

Keywords: physical activity; health effects; physical training; metabolism; lipids; proteins; amino acids

Free keywords: lipid droplets; PLIN2; PLIN5; skeletal muscle; physical activity; C2C12; electrical pulse stimulation; EPS; subcellular localization

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Ministry reporting: Yes

VIRTA submission year: 2023

JUFO rating: 1